Īśāvāsya UpaniṣadŚukla Yajurveda Saṁhitā 40.1 (Vājasaneyi Recension)Meter: Anuṣṭubh (8-8-8-8)
Īśāvāsya Upaniṣad • Mantra 1
Contemplate the sacred verse in the original Sanskrit with interactive Pada-cheda morphology, syntactic Anvaya reconstruction, and multi-school Bhāṣya comparison.
Citation: Śukla Yajurveda Saṁhitā 40.1 (Vājasaneyi Recension)
Mūla Pāṭha • Original Canonical Recitation Script: IAST
īśā vāsyam idaṁ sarvaṁ yat kiñca jagatyāṁ jagat |
tena tyaktena bhuñjīthā mā gṛdhaḥ kasya svid dhanam || 1 ||
Pada-cheda (Click any word for root analysis):
Word-by-Word Grammatical Morphology
Root Dhātu, Case, Number & EtymologySelect any word chip above to inspect its Sanskrit root dhātu, inflectional case, and philosophical etymology.
| Word (Pada) | Root / Base | Grammatical Case | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| īśā | īś (to rule / govern / master) | noun, masc. instr. sg. (used in archaic Vedic instrumental sense) | By the Lord / Supreme Sovereign |
| vāsyam | vas (to cover / envelop / inhabit) | kṛtya / gerundive, nom. neut. sg. | To be enveloped / inhabited / recognized as clothed in |
| idam | idam (pronominal base) | demonstrative pron., acc./nom. neut. sg. | This immediate, perceptible realm |
| sarvam | sarva | adjective, nom. neut. sg. | Entire cosmos without remainder |
| yat kiñca | yad + kim-ca | indclinable relative compound | Whatever little bit / anything that exists |
| jagatyām | gam (to go / move) → jagatī | noun, fem. loc. sg. | In the ever-moving, fluxional universe |
| jagat | gam (reduplicated present participle) | noun, neut. nom. sg. | Manifest moving existence / creaturely life |
| tena | tad | pronoun, instr. masc./neut. sg. | Through that / by means of that |
| tyaktena | tyaj (to abandon / surrender / renounce) | past passive participle, instr. neut. sg. | Through inner renunciation of selfish ego-ownership |
| bhuñjīthāḥ | bhuj (to enjoy / protect / experience) | verb, optative middle, 2nd pers. sg. | Rejoice / partake of pure delight / protect your soul |
| mā | mā | prohibitive particle | Do not / never |
| gṛdhaḥ | gṛdh (to covet / desire / greedily grasp) | verb, aorist subjunctive, 2nd pers. sg. | Covet / harbor greed for |
| kasya svid | kim + svid | indefinite genitive interrogative pronoun | Of anyone whomsoever (or: "Whose is wealth? It belongs to none but the Lord!") |
| dhanam | dhan (to produce / bear prize) | noun, neut. acc. sg. | Mortal wealth / material possession |
Anvaya • Syntactic Prose Reconstruction
Natural Subject-Object-Verb OrderSyntactic Arrangement:
jagatyāṁ yat kiñca jagat idaṁ sarvam īśā vāsyam | tena tyaktena bhuñjīthāḥ, kasyasvid dhanaṁ mā gṛdhaḥ ||
Grammatical Resolution:
In this ever-moving flux of creation (jagatyām), whatever individual form moves (yat kiñca jagat), all this (idam sarvam) is to be enveloped by the Supreme Sovereign (īśā vāsyam). By that sacred renunciation of ego-possession (tena tyaktena), enjoy the pure delight of being (bhuñjīthāḥ); do not covet (mā gṛdhaḥ) anyone’s wealth (kasya svid dhanam).